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How to choose batteries for solar street lights?

by:Power Kingdom     2021-07-06

How to choose batteries for solar street lights?

There are mainly four types of lead-acid batteries, gel batteries, ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries used in the solar light battery market.

1. Lead-acid battery: The electrode of the lead-acid battery is composed of lead and lead metal oxide, and the electrolyte of the lithium battery is a hydrochloric acid solution. The key advantages of lead-acid batteries are that the working voltage is relatively stable, the price is relatively cheap, and the safety is high; the disadvantage is that lead-acid batteries have a short service life and are larger than ordinary batteries, but due to their price advantages, they still occupy the solar lamp manufacturing industry. leading position.

2. Gel battery: equivalent to a lead-acid battery is a brand new upgrade, maintenance-free and less maintenance, mainly because the colloidal electrolyte replaces the sulfuric acid electrolyte internally, and the storage capacity, charge and discharge capacity, The safety factor and service life are gradually improved, and the temperature range is wider. The colloidal battery can be used in the temperature range of -40°C to 65°C. The low temperature performance is better. In the northern alpine area or the tropical area with higher temperature, Gel batteries are the best choice; their seismic performance is also very good, can be used safely under various harsh conditions, and the service life is twice or more than that of ordinary lead-acid batteries.

3. Ternary lithium battery: Ternary lithium battery has many advantages, high performance, small size, fast battery charging, and high price. The frequency of its deep cycle system is about 500-800 times, the service life is similar to that of gel batteries, and the application temperature range is -15c-45c. However, ternary lithium-ion batteries also have shortcomings and poor safety factors. If the battery is unstable inside, or the manufacturer of the ternary lithium-ion battery is just a tube, it is likely to explode under overcharge or high-temperature natural environments.

4. Lithium iron phosphate battery: high specific energy, small size, battery charging fast, reliability is also very good, but the price is the largest of all rechargeable batteries. At this stage, due to the cost of this problem, there is no large-scale application.

At this stage, most solar street light systems use lead-acid batteries or gel batteries, so we just The maintenance of the two kinds of batteries is introduced:

1. To prevent overcharging

The service life of the solar lamp not only exceeds the maintenance range, but also closely related to the heat accumulation inside the solar battery. Related, if the solar battery is charged too much, the internal temperature of the rechargeable battery will gradually increase. If it is more serious, it will greatly shorten the service life of the rechargeable battery, and even cause the report of the rechargeable battery to be destroyed. If people want to avoid overcharging the battery, they need to strictly follow the manufacturer's instructions to display the battery charging operating voltage.

2. To prevent undercharging

In addition to avoiding overcharging, solar panels should also avoid undercharging. The battery charge may also be insufficient for the sound card rack system software to remove the problem, or because of low operating voltage. Often the battery is not charged enough to reduce the cycle frequency of the rechargeable battery, which will also reduce the service life of the battery.

3. To prevent overdischarge

The charge and discharge depth of the battery is closely related to the charge and discharge design of the battery. For example, if the depth of charge and discharge is 10%, the frequency of the circulatory system is 10, and the depth of charge and discharge is 70%, and the frequency of the circulatory system is only 500. The deeper the charge and discharge, the lower the frequency.

If the excessive charging and discharging are more serious, the battery life will be shorter, and the more serious it will cause the rechargeable battery to fail in the best condition, even if it is charged immediately. In order to avoid excessive charging and discharging of such rechargeable batteries, it is necessary to install a BMS system software in the rechargeable batteries so that the working voltage of the rechargeable batteries can be adjusted, and the current and voltage between the rechargeable batteries can be balanced, and it is not easy to eat.

4. Control the ambient temperature

Very high natural conditions will reduce the life of solar cells by half, so the operation of solar cells is crucial. The charging time of the battery is longer and hot at normal temperature, it is very sinful to recharge the battery. If the natural environment is relatively extreme, there is an ultra-low temperature or ultra-high temperature state, it is best to use the battery to charge, and its application range is wide.


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