Detailed car battery maintenance

The working principle of car batteries The vast majority of car batteries are lead-acid batteries. Simply put, it is an electrochemical device that can convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Lead-acid batteries are composed of positive and negative plates, separators, shells, electrolyte, and terminal posts. The chemical reaction of its discharge is carried out under the action of the active material of the positive plate and the active material of the negative plate. A standard 12V lead-acid battery contains six cells, and each power supply generates approximately 2V of electrical energy. The phenomenon of electrolyte reduction during the use of traditional batteries is due to the grid frame of the electrode plates. The traditional batteries are made of lead-antimony alloy. Antimony will contaminate the spongy pure lead on the negative plate and weaken the battery after fully charged The back electromotive force caused the excessive decomposition of water, and a large amount of oxygen and hydrogen escaped from the positive and negative plates respectively, so that the electrolyte was reduced.　　 The maintenance-free battery is the same as the traditional battery in the design principle. It uses a thicker plate material. The important difference is that the grid frame of the plate is made of lead-calcium alloy. In the electrolysis reaction process, the overcharge current can be reduced, and the liquid vaporization speed can be reduced, thereby reducing the loss of electrolyte and relatively prolonging the service life of the battery. Discharge and charge In the process of discharging, the lead dioxide, sponge lead and sulfuric acid in the electrolyte undergo a discharge chemical reaction to produce lead sulfate and water. The difference between the positive and negative plates is reduced because of the battery voltage. Depends on the difference of the plate material and the concentration of the electrolyte, so after the discharge reaction, the battery loses energy. The charging process is opposite to the discharging process. Under the action of the generator current, the lead sulfate and water are converted into lead dioxide, sponge lead and sulfuric acid, the concentration of the plates and the electrolyte is restored, and the battery energy is increased.
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