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Safety Practice of Battery Use in Computer Room

by:Power Kingdom     2021-04-28
In recent years, with the vigorous development of the data center industry, more and more people pay attention to the safety of data centers, and batteries have gradually become a focus of attention. To solve the problem of battery use, we need to look at it from a system perspective, and it will be more helpful to the use of battery and the safety of power supply.   Figure 1 is a system model of a computer room. In the event of a power failure, the storage battery serves as an emergency power supply. It is possible that more than 90% of the batteries in the data room rarely encounter a power failure during the life cycle, but the battery must be in a normal condition at all times, otherwise the battery cannot be discharged during a power failure, and the consequences will be very serious. Therefore, the battery is kept in a healthy and usable state to ensure the safety of power supply in the data center. The survey shows that 65% of respondents believe that UPS battery failure is the primary cause of data center downtime; in 2016, equipment failure caused data center downtime, UPS system failure accounted for the largest proportion, accounting for 25%; and in UPS Among the causes of failures, lead-acid batteries are the main cause of failures, with a probability as high as 50%.   There are actually three reasons for battery failure: The first is quality problems, such as liquid leakage and micro-short circuit. Generally speaking, the grounding system of UPS should comply with the provisions of the IEC60346 standard on low-voltage grounding systems. This means that for most UPSs, the center line of the battery pack and the battery rack are grounded. Therefore, when a battery in the battery pack leaks, and the leaked electrolyte flows to the battery rack, a short circuit will be formed between the battery packs and cause an accident. And if there is a micro-short-circuit battery in the battery pack, when the battery is discharged, the voltage of the micro-short-circuit battery will drop rapidly, resulting in insufficient backup time.   The second question is about the use and maintenance. Table 1 shows the international battery testing and maintenance standards.  Although there are not many items in the maintenance specifications, due to the large number of batteries in the data room, there are hundreds of batteries that are small, and even thousands of batteries. Therefore, it is always impossible to guarantee 100% reliability of these projects only by people. There is also the charging of the battery. Different battery manufacturers may have different requirements for the charging voltage of the battery. If you set it according to a unified standard, it will cause the battery to be undercharged or overcharged, and long-term undercharge and overcharge will lead to The battery life ends prematurely.   The last problem is the aging of the battery. Table 2 shows the charging and discharging principle of the battery.   It can be seen from Table 2 that there are side reactions throughout the battery life cycle, and these side reactions are the root cause of battery aging.   In summary, it is difficult to maintain the high availability of batteries only by relying on traditional maintenance methods. Is there a better maintenance method? In fact, the battery management system (BMS) is a good solution. However, if you want to improve the availability of batteries through BMS, you must not only understand the actual performance data of the battery for the first time, but also require real-time monitoring of the operating status of the battery, timely discover hidden troubles and issue alarms, and guide maintenance personnel to deal with them correctly. Avoid unnecessary accidents; at the same time, it can accurately evaluate the health of the battery (SOHu003dremaining capacity/rated capacity), and obtain an effective basis for battery replacement and echelon utilization. It not only reduces the system risk of using the battery, but also avoids unnecessary waste of resources. The key to improving the usability of the battery through BMS is: 1 accurate collection of the key characteristic information of each battery 1 leakage monitoring closely monitors the insulation resistance change between the battery bus and the ground, judges the battery leakage, and generates an alarm Prompt the user to solve it and avoid the occurrence of fire; 2 The connection bar status monitoring strictly monitors the temperature at the battery terminal and the change of the contact internal resistance, comprehensively analyzes the two aspects of data, judges the looseness of the connection bar, and generates an alarm to remind the user Solve and prevent the occurrence of fire; 3 Micro-short-circuit fault monitoring strictly monitors the open circuit voltage of the battery, judges whether the battery has a micro-short-circuit fault, and generates an alarm to prompt the user to solve it, so as to avoid insufficient battery backup. 2 Accurate analysis and judgment of battery information data 1 Accurate measurement and calculation of SOC and SOH through the analysis and induction of collected data, using neural network algorithms, so as to obtain more accurate SOC and SOH, and effectively guide battery operation and maintenance work; 2 Power supply charging management parameter self-diagnosisThrough the self-diagnosis of battery pack voltage and ambient temperature, analyze whether the power supply's equal charge, float charge and temperature compensation parameter settings are correct. If it is wrong, an alarm will be generated to remind the operation and maintenance personnel; 3 The capacity management of the power supply is through discharge The current and the set load current can be compared to determine whether the power supply capacity of the power supply is normal. If it is wrong, an alarm will be generated to remind the operation and maintenance personnel. 3 Intuitively present data results and provide targeted maintenance action guidance. 1 Intelligent charging control. Through the intelligent control of battery charging, in the case of full capacity, the charging circuit can be disconnected, thereby avoiding battery overcharging and reducing battery grids Side reactions such as corrosion and water loss further delay the aging of the battery itself, and essentially make the battery in an optimal state of health, so that it can give full play to its original performance throughout its life cycle, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the system;
At the same time, as the recent research of Power Kingdom shows, the benefits of improved productivity and firm performance can make implementing basic management practices worth it.
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