Misunderstandings that need to be paid attention to when maintaining forklift batteries
How to maintain forklift batteries? We need to pay attention to the following misunderstandings. Misunderstandings that need to be paid attention to when maintaining forklift batteries
1. When using forklift batteries to start in winter, use the starter uninterruptedly, resulting in battery Damaged by excessive discharge.
2. There is no need to deal with the corrosive matter on the surface of the battery pole post terminal, as long as it is not loosened. Corrosion appears on the surface, and the inner surface of the terminal will also corrode, which will increase the resistance value and affect the normal charging and discharging of the battery. It must be treated in time.
3. When using maintenance-free batteries, simply think that maintenance-free means that no maintenance is required.
4. The density of the electrolyte is not inspected and adjusted, especially when winter comes, resulting in insufficient capacity of the forklift battery, and even freezing of the electrolyte.
5. When the liquid level is low, add electrolyte or add pure water instead of distilled water. If the electrolyte containing sulfuric acid is added, the electrolyte concentration inside the battery will increase, boiling, acid fog, etc. may occur, which will seriously affect the service life of the battery; use pure drinking water instead of distilled water, which contains a variety of trace elements , Has an adverse effect on the battery. In fact, the service life of the battery of forklift parts depends not only on the structure and quality of the battery, but also closely related to the operation and maintenance. The service life of a general forklift battery is about 2 years, and if it is properly maintained, it can be used for 3-4 years.
Analysis of common failures of forklift batteries/batteries:
1. Battery leakage
Common leakage phenomenon:
First, the seal between the upper cover and the bottom groove is not good or caused by collision, the sealing glue is cracked, and the second is the safety valve leaking acid. Liquid leakage; acid leakage at the three terminals; acid leakage at four other parts. Inspection and treatment method: First, make an appearance inspection to find out the leaking parts of acid. Remove the cover to check whether there are traces of acid leakage around the safety valve, and then open the safety valve to check whether there is flowing electrolyte inside the battery. After completing the above work, if no abnormality is found, do an air tightness check (put into the water to inflate and pressurize, and observe whether the battery has bubbles generated and emerge. If there are bubbles, it means that there is acid leakage). During the charging process, observe whether there is flowing electrolyte produced. If there is, it means that it is the cause of production. During the charging process, the flowing electrolyte should be drained.
2. Water loss
As the number of cycles of the battery increases, the water content gradually decreases. As a result, the battery appears as follows:
(1) The oxygen 'channel' becomes unblocked, and the oxygen produced by the positive electrode is very high. It is easy to reach the negative electrode through the 'channel'.
(2) The heat capacity decreases, and the larger heat capacity in the battery is water. After the water is lost, the heat capacity of the battery is greatly reduced, and the heat generated makes the temperature of the battery rise quickly.
(3) Due to the shrinkage of the ultra-fine glass fiber separator in the battery after the loss of water, the adhesion with the positive and negative plates becomes worse, the internal resistance becomes larger, and the heat generation during charging and discharging increases. . After the above process, the heat generated inside the battery can only be dissipated through the battery slot. If the heat dissipation is less than the calorific value, the temperature will rise, which will reduce the overpotential of the battery gassing and increase the gassing capacity. A large amount of oxygen from the positive electrode passes through the 'channel' and reacts on the negative surface, emitting a large amount of heat to make the temperature rise rapidly. The formation of a vicious circle leads to 'thermal runaway' and deformation. Check and deal with faults. A group of batteries (3) deform at the same time, and check the voltage first. If the voltage is basically normal. The single cell voltage should also be measured to determine whether there is a short circuit. If there is no short circuit, it means that the deformation is caused by 'thermal runaway' caused by overcharging. Should focus on checking the charging parameters of the charger. If the voltage is too high (above) without overcharge protection or the trickle conversion current is too low, the charger must be replaced.
3. Short-circuit fault phenomenon: battery voltage drops by an integer multiple of 2, fault inspection and treatment, use a multimeter to detect battery cell voltage, short-circuit battery is scrapped.
4. The phenomenon of open circuit failure, no charging or discharging; fault inspection and treatment; check the battery voltage with a multimeter, if it is 0, there is no spark after ignition, and no charging can be made. It is open circuit. The open circuit battery is scrapped.
5. Reverse polarity failure phenomenon, use a multimeter to detect the negative plant voltage of the battery, check and deal with the failure, first discharge the battery to 0 volts, and then use the maintenance charger to fully charge the battery.
