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Common terms used in batteries

by:Power Kingdom     2021-07-06

Commonly used terms for batteries:

[Battery] consists of two or more single cells, usually connected in series, and sometimes a single cell can also form a battery . [Capacity] refers to the electrical energy that the battery can provide, expressed in ampere-hours (Ah), which is a constant current discharge at a specified current value at a specific ambient temperature to a final voltage (usually a single cell). Grid) Measure the duration (hours), and multiply the current value (amperes) by the discharge time (hours) to get the battery discharge capacity (Ah).

[Charging] is the process of regaining power from the battery. During the charging process, the battery terminal voltage will rise.

[Charge efficiency] is the ratio of the discharge capacity (Ah) of the battery to the charge capacity (Ah) during recharging.

[Constant voltage charging] is a charging method to control the voltage. When using this method to recharge a discharged battery, the charging current will gradually decrease. Constant voltage charging is a common charging method for VRLA batteries. method.

[Constant current charging] is a charging method that controls the current. By controlling the charging time, the charge can be fixed. When using the constant current method to charge the VRLA battery, you need to install a timer to avoid overcharging.

[Terminal voltage] The terminal voltage of the battery at the end of charging and discharging.

[Cycle] One charge and one discharge of the battery is called a cycle.

[Cycle Life] The number of charge and discharge cycles that a battery can provide before it fails. The cycle life has a great relationship with the depth of discharge of the battery.

[Recycling] A method of using batteries that require repeated charging and discharging cycles.

[Deep discharge] The battery is discharged to 80-100% of its rated capacity.

[Depth of discharge] refers to the percentage of the battery's rated capacity.

[Discharge] refers to the process of battery output current.

[Discharge rate] is usually expressed in multiples of capacity (C), which refers to the rate at which the battery discharges. For example, discharging refers to discharging with a current (amperes) that is twice the capacity.

[Discharge voltage] The terminal voltage of the battery during discharge.

[Life] The duration until the battery loses its characteristics and can no longer be used.

[Load] A device or mechanism that is connected to the battery and driven by the battery. The resistance of the load and the voltage of the battery determine the magnitude of the current and the time the battery can run.

[Maintenance-free] Non-sealed conventional batteries require regular refilling of water, while sealed lead-acid batteries do not require such maintenance.

[Rated voltage] is used to indicate the rated value of the battery voltage. For VRLA batteries, the rated voltage of a single battery is 2V.

[Open circuit voltage] The terminal voltage of the battery when no load is applied.

[Overcharge] Continuously charge a fully charged battery. Long-term overcharge will shorten the battery life.

[Live material] refers to the paste on the positive and negative plates that can provide electrical energy when the battery is discharged. In lead-acid batteries, the positive active material is lead dioxide and the negative active material is sponge Shaped lead.

[Ampere hour (Ah)] (Ampere hour) is a unit used to define the battery capacity. When the battery is discharged, the discharge current (ampere) is used to continue the discharge Time (hour) value.

[Effective capacity] is the capacity that can be provided under the specified state of charge, discharge rate, ambient temperature and termination voltage.

[Electrode] refers to the positive and negative electrodes with active characteristics.

[Electrolyte] Conductive ions in batteries. Lead-acid batteries refer to aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid.

[Float Charge] In order to keep the battery fully charged and continuous charging process, the load is connected to the battery and the charger provides current.

[Colloidal electrolyte] is a non-flowing jelly formed by mixing silicon compound and sulfuric acid aqueous solution. The colloid is contained in a coarse glass fiber mesh plate or a microporous separator. In this kind of VRLA battery, the colloidal mesh replaces the more common ultrafine glass fiber material to act as a separator.

[High-rate discharge/charge] A relatively high current density is used for the discharge or charge process. The actual charge and discharge rate of the rated capacity C depends on the battery design.

[Internal Impedance/Resistance] A measure of the resistance of the battery to the current, causing a large or small voltage drop and a certain degree of resistance heating. The impedance (AC) and resistance (DC) are proportional Yes, but they are different. The reason lies in the difference in measurement methods.

[Internal short circuit] means that the positive and negative plates of the battery are in contact with each other.


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