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Common maintenance skills of UPS battery

by:Power Kingdom     2021-04-19
Engineers usually use multiple sets of cheap, small-capacity batteries in parallel to achieve the larger battery capacity required by the UPS. If multiple sets of batteries with poor performance uniformity are used in parallel, the battery packs with poor performance and low voltage will turn out the batteries with good performance. The group was torn down, leading to premature failure of the entire UPS battery system. At present, the uniformity of performance is mainly measured by the uniformity of battery voltage. There are many domestic standards. For example, the YD/T 799-1996 standard of the Ministry of Information Industry requires that the floating charge pressure difference of the entire battery 2V unit at 25°C is not greater than ± 50mV, the open-circuit voltage difference is not more than ±20mV; the Ministry of Electric Power DL/T637-1997 standard requires: at 25℃, if the battery system uses 2V/cell, the difference between the highest and lowest open-circuit voltage should not exceed 30mV , 6V/cell does not exceed 40mV, and 12V/cell does not exceed 60mV. Generally, the number of battery groups in parallel should not exceed 4 groups. In order to prevent the premature failure of the entire battery system, when selecting batteries, requirements should be put forward in terms of performance uniformity. After the battery model is determined, it is best to require the manufacturer to provide the same batch of battery products in a UPS system to reduce the difference in performance. For the same reason, batteries of different brands or different levels of new and old are recommended not to be mixed due to large performance differences. Finally, it should be particularly pointed out that even if the appropriate VRLA is selected, some necessary daily maintenance and management are required to avoid premature battery failure.  1 UPS battery maintenance  With the continuous development of technology, the performance of UPS is getting better and better, the average trouble-free working time is getting longer and longer, and the reliability of the whole machine is getting higher and higher. It is especially important to do a good job in the maintenance of consumable batteries in UPS. 1.1 Initial charge of the new battery After the installation of the new battery, it generally needs to be charged for a longer time. The charging power supply should be charged according to the instructions in the manual. After the battery pack is fully charged, perform a discharge, and then charge again. , The purpose is to extend the service life of the battery, improve the battery's activity and charge and discharge characteristics. 1.2 Regular charging and discharging The battery inside the UPS power supply is left unused for a long time or left in a floating state for a long time without discharging, which will cause a large amount of lead sulfate in the battery to adsorb to the cathode surface of the battery, forming the so-called 'sulfate salt of the battery cathode plate'. Because lead sulfate is an insulator, its formation will have an extremely bad effect on the charging and discharging of the battery, because the more sulfate formed on the cathode plate, the greater the internal resistance of the battery, and the more The worse the charging and discharging performance is, which will lead to the 'aging' and decrease of 'activity' of the battery, and greatly shorten the service life of the battery. The rectifier/charger of the UPS should be turned off by interrupting the utility power or by software/hardware control methods every 3 to 4 months to discharge the battery in the UPS. For this kind of battery discharge operation for 'activating' the battery, its discharge time should be controlled at 1/3 to 1/4 of the normal discharge time.  1.3 Prohibit deep discharge   The service life of a sealed maintenance-free battery is closely related to the depth of discharge of the battery. Depth of discharge refers to the percentage of ampere-hours discharged by the battery to its nominal capacity during the use of the battery. Deep discharge will cause sulfation of the surface of the internal plates of the battery, leading to an increase in the internal resistance of the battery, and in severe cases, the phenomenon of 'reverse polarity' and permanent damage to individual batteries. The depth of discharge of the battery seriously affects the service life of the battery. Don't let the battery be in a deep discharge state as a last resort.  1.4 Try to avoid overcurrent charging.   Overcurrent charging can easily cause the positive and negative plates inside the battery to bend and cause the active material on the surface of the plates to fall off, resulting in a decrease in the available capacity of the battery, and serious damage to the internal plates of the battery.  1.5 Try to avoid battery overvoltage charging.   Overvoltage charging often causes the water contained in the battery electrolyte to be electrolytically separated into hydrogen and oxygen and escape, thus shortening the battery life. 1.6 Replace batteries with decreased activity and excessive internal resistance (1) With the extension of UPS power usage time, the charge and discharge characteristics of some batteries will gradually deteriorate, and the terminal voltage will drop significantly. The performance of this battery can no longer rely on UPS. The internal charging circuit of the power supply solves the problem, and there will be hidden dangers in continued use, and it should be replaced in time.   (2) As the internal resistance of the battery increases, the battery that cannot be restored to its charging characteristics by charging the battery with a normal charging voltage should be replaced in time. The internal resistance of the battery is generally 10-30mΩ. If the internal resistance of the battery exceeds 200mΩ, it will not be sufficient to maintain the normal operation of the UPS. The battery with a large internal resistance must be replaced. 1.7 Avoid mixed use of new and old batteries or mixed charging of new and old batteries. Because the internal resistance of the new battery is relatively small, and the internal resistance of the old battery is increased to varying degrees, when the new and old batteries are mixed together for charging, the internal resistance of the old battery is large. , The partial voltage will be relatively large, and it is very easy to cause over-voltage charging. For new batteries, the internal resistance is small, the charging voltage is small, but the current is too large, and it is easy to cause over-current phenomenon, so the new and old should be avoided in the process of charging and discharging. Battery mixed charging.  
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