Calculation formula for solar panel and battery configuration

Calculation formula for solar panel and battery configuration Calculation formula for solar panel and battery configuration: First, calculate the current: such as: 12V battery system; 2 30W lamps, 60 watts in total. Currentu003d60W÷12Vu003d5A 2: Calculate the battery capacity requirement: For example, the accumulated lighting time of street lights needs to be 7 hours (h) at full load every night; (for example, turn on at 8:00 in the evening, turn off at 11:30 in the evening, and turn off 1 road in the early morning. 4:30 to open the 2 road, 5:30 in the morning) need to meet the lighting needs of continuous rainy days for 5 days. (5 days plus the lighting of the night before rainy days, totaling 6 days) Battery u003d 5A×7h×(5+1) dayu003d5A×42hu003d210AH In addition, in order to prevent the battery from overcharging and overdischarging, the battery is generally charged to about 90%; About 20% of the discharge remains. So 210AH is only about 70% of the true standard in the application. Three: Calculate the peak demand of solar panels (WP): The accumulated lighting time of street lights every night needs to be 7 hours (h); ★: The average daily effective light time for solar panels is 4.5 hours (h); at least relax the demand for solar panels 20% reserved amount. WP÷17.4V＝(5A×7h×120%)÷4.5hWP÷17.4V＝9.33WP＝162(W) Calculation method of photovoltaic power generation system The scale and application form of photovoltaic system are different, such as the scale of the system is large and small From a few watts of solar garden lights to MW-level solar photovoltaic power stations. Its application forms are also diverse, and can be widely used in many fields such as household, transportation, communication, and space applications. Although the scale of the photovoltaic system is different, its composition structure and working principle are basically the same. The solar power generation system is composed of solar battery packs, solar controllers, and storage batteries (groups). If the output power is AC 220V or 110V, an inverter is also required. The functions of each part are as follows: (1) Solar panels: Solar panels are the core part of the solar power system and the most valuable part of the solar power system. Its function is to convert the sun's radiant power into electric energy, or send it to the storage battery for storage, or drive the load to work. (2) Solar controller: The function of the solar controller is to control the working state of the entire system, and to protect the battery from overcharging and over-discharging. In places with large temperature differences, a qualified controller should also have the function of temperature compensation. Other additional functions such as light-controlled switches and time-controlled switches should be optional for the controller; (3) Battery: generally lead-acid batteries, in small and micro systems, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries or lithium batteries can also be used. Its function is to store the electrical energy generated by the solar panel when there is light, and then release it when needed. (4) Inverter: In many occasions, 220VAC, 110VAC AC power supply is required. Because the direct output of solar energy is generally 12VDC, 24VDC, 48VDC. In order to provide electrical energy to 220VAC electrical appliances, the DC power generated by the solar power generation system needs to be converted into AC power, so a DC-AC inverter is required. In some occasions, when a load with multiple voltages is required, a DC-DC inverter is also used, such as converting 24VDC electric energy into 5VDC electric energy (note that it is not a simple step-down). The design of photovoltaic system includes two aspects: capacity design and hardware design. Before proceeding with the design of the photovoltaic system, it is necessary to understand and obtain some basic data necessary for calculation and selection: the geographic location of the photovoltaic system site, including location, latitude, longitude and altitude; the meteorological data of the area, including the monthly total solar energy Radiation, direct radiation and scattered radiation, annual average temperature and maximum and minimum temperature, the longest continuous number of cloudy and rainy days, maximum wind speed, hail, snow and other special meteorological conditions. The design of the battery includes the design calculation of the battery capacity and the series-parallel design of the battery pack. First, the basic method of calculating battery capacity is given. The first step is to multiply the power consumption required by the daily load by the number of self-sufficient days determined according to the actual situation to get the preliminary battery capacity. II. In the second step, divide the battery capacity obtained in the first step by the maximum allowable depth of discharge of the battery. Because the battery cannot be completely discharged in self-sufficient days, it is necessary to divide by the maximum depth of discharge to get the required battery capacity. The selection of the maximum depth of discharge requires reference to the performance parameters of the battery selected for use in the photovoltaic system, and detailed information about the maximum depth of discharge of the battery can be obtained from the battery supplier. Under normal circumstances, if you are using a deep cycle battery, it is recommended to use 80% depth of discharge (DOD); if you are using a shallow cycle battery, it is recommended to use 50% DOD.
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