What kinds of batteries are commonly used in photovoltaic power generation

The biggest feature of lead-acid maintenance-free batteries is 'maintenance-free'. Compared with lead-acid batteries, the consumption of electrolyte is very small, and there is basically no need to supplement distilled water during the service life. It also has the characteristics of shock resistance, high temperature resistance, small size, and small self-discharge. In contrast, its price will be more expensive than lead-acid batteries. As for the service life, the recommended replacement period for maintenance-free batteries under normal conditions is about 3 years, which is equivalent to lead-acid batteries. Ordinary lead-acid storage battery was invented by Frenchman Plante in 1859, and it has a history of more than one hundred years. The battery is mainly composed of tubular positive plate, negative plate, electrolyte, separator, battery tank, battery cover, pole post, liquid injection cover and so on. The main advantages are stable voltage and low price; the disadvantages are low specific energy (that is, the electric energy stored per kilogram of battery), short service life and frequent daily maintenance. Old-fashioned ordinary batteries generally have a lifespan of about 2 years, and it is necessary to regularly check the height of the electrolyte and add distilled water. However, with the development of technology, the life of lead-acid batteries has become longer and maintenance has become easier. Gel battery Gel lead-acid battery is an improvement of ordinary lead-acid battery with liquid electrolyte. It replaces sulfuric acid electrolyte with colloidal electrolyte, which is better than ordinary batteries in terms of safety, storage capacity, discharge performance and service life. There is no free liquid inside. Under the same volume, the electrolyte capacity is large, the heat capacity is large, and the heat dissipation capacity is strong, which can avoid the thermal runaway phenomenon of general batteries; the electrolyte concentration is low, and the corrosion effect on the electrode plate is weak; the concentration is uniform and there is no electrolysis Liquid stratification phenomenon. Alkaline nickel-cadmium battery Nickel-cadmium battery (Nickel-cadmium battery) is an alkaline battery in which the positive active material is mainly made of nickel, and the negative active material is mainly made of cadmium. The positive electrode is nickel hydroxide, the negative electrode is cadmium, and the electrolyte is potassium hydroxide solution. Its advantages are lightness, shock resistance, and long service life, and are often used in small electronic devices. Nickel-cadmium batteries can be charged quickly and have a long cycle life. It is more than twice that of lead-acid batteries and can reach more than 2,000 times, but the price is 4 to 5 times that of lead-acid batteries. Although its initial purchase cost is high, its long-term actual use cost is not high due to its advantages in energy color and service life. However, it is necessary to do a good job of recycling during use, otherwise the heavy metal cadmium will pollute the environment. When selecting batteries, it is very necessary to understand the differences between the processes and the use of various batteries. First of all, we must fully understand the needs of the users themselves. For example, the capacity requirements of the backup power system, the frequency of use, the environment of use, the main purpose, the service life, the reliability requirements, the instantaneous discharge rate, the specifications of the rectifier, and other battery-related performance requirements. Secondly, we must understand the electrical performance of the battery, including the product design parameters (the battery model, appearance size, rated capacity, rated voltage, weight, specific energy by weight, specific energy by volume, design life, number of positive and negative plates, positive and negative plates Thickness ratio, electrolyte density, plate type, grid material, etc.), product electrical performance parameters, product actual service life, installation and use environment, performance and price of different models, and warranty periods for different types of products.
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